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Contents of this page:
The prepositions and conjuncts
The prepositions are always placed behind the noun. Together
with a second case they express movement, the third case is used for all other
meanings. They can be declined by one prefix and three suffixes.
 | The prefix ju],
ju- strengthens the root and can
change the meaning in this way |
| The suffix >o.v, (o)v turns the meaning
of the preposition into the opposite. |
| The suffixes i, i and
è, è change the preposition in a conjunct.
I is used if the original preposition was used with a second case, è
if it was used with a third case. |
The suffix (o)v usually comes last, but prepositions ending on a vowel can
have both the order è-v, or i-v and v-è, or v-i.
table of prepositions and conjuncts
The preposition Sê, Sê, has three
irregularly formed conjuncts:
| sèîc, sèîc: if |
| sèîcov, sèîcov: unless |
| sèî, sèî: when |
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The mood words
These words indicate the mood of the speaker, translation can be
with words as "Oh, Ah, Alas, Damn, Hmm, etcetera.
| Tàmsê |
Tàmsê |
Joking |
Tàmsê àmènaz ulim
aradab. |
(Funny enough) there is something
women lack... |
| Tàmsê àmènaz ulim aradab. |
| Didèm |
Didèm |
Angry |
Didèm lovèn
zauovuv? |
Why (the heck) are you late? |
| Didèm lovèn zauovuv? |
| Dìl |
Dìl |
Horrifying |
Dìl ilas fivadidu/ |
(Brrr), he killed her! |
| Dìl ilas fivadidu! |
| Dèpìr |
Dèpìr |
Sad |
Dèpìr fiodav? |
(Oh my God), she is dead! |
| Dèpìr fiodav! |
| Depèm |
Depèm |
Impatient |
Depèm lolovè anaz
juovidagie? |
When will we (finally) leave? |
| Depèm lolovè anaz juovidagie? |
| Debèf |
Debèf |
Confidential |
Debèf òsòlo' jo
ju]guvèuezèzegescogu. |
I want you to listen carefully... |
| Debèf òsòlo' jo ju-guvèuezèzegeschogu. |
| Dauo |
Dauo |
Relieved |
Dauo maidovu? |
(Thank God) you have come! |
| Dauo maidovu! |
| Dacèm |
Dacèm |
Curious |
Dacèm ànavu lèceru
òsino'`àn? |
Who are you? |
| Dacèm ànavu lèceru òsino' àn? |
| Daog |
Daog |
Uninterested |
Daog docoogu. |
I know, I know |
| Daog docoogu. |
| Das |
Das |
Mysterious |
Das ànogu èceru
fofono' àn. |
I am, who I am... |
| Das ànogu èceru fofolo' àn. |
| Dàsc |
Dàsc |
Friendly |
Dàsc lolovè ju]o
badaz aroda òbènim g? |
Where is your mother (then),
child? |
| Dàsc lolovè ju-o badaz aroda òbènim
g? |
| Darè |
Darè |
Hostile |
Darè do]vadarèî
òsòlo' jo juovido/ |
Leave immediately! |
| Darè do-vadarèî òsòlo' jo juovido! |
| Dar |
Dar |
Longing |
Dar òsòlo' jo
folovè ju]o jufèloarogu/ |
Oh, I wish you were here! |
| Dar òsòlo' jo folovè ju-o jufèloarogu! |
| Ij |
Ij |
Appreciating |
Ij lo; don
ju]òtodov/ |
My, that house is very beautiful! |
| Ij lo; don ju]òtodov! |
| Cemê |
Cemê |
Disdainful |
Cemê mua opoovu. |
Pah, you are but a slave. |
| Cemê mua opoovu. |
| Ne |
Ne |
Agreeing |
Ne òsòs dogadagu. |
Yes, I think so too. |
| Ne òsòs dogadagu. |
| Ome |
Ome |
Disagreeing |
Ome ilovibine
dogadagu/ |
No, I don't think so at all! |
| Ome ilovibine dogadagu! |
| Odàflê |
Odàflê |
Desparate |
Odàflê guboadogu/ |
Please, help me! |
| Odàflê guboadogu! |
| Oèg |
Oèg |
Hopeful |
Oèg co gugoado
ju]òsòlobè? |
Can you help me, please? |
| Oèg co gugoado ju-òsòlobè? |
| Òfic |
Òfic |
Hating |
Òfic vuloguv/ |
I (fucking) hate you!! |
| Òfic vuloguv! |
| Jòn |
Jòn |
Loving |
Jòn lolovi ju]o
raidova? |
Where do you go (sweetheart)? |
| Jòn lolovi ju-o raidova? |
| Zen |
Zen |
Surprised |
Zen lo' don bido/ |
My, that house is big! |
| Zen lo' don bido! |
| Noi |
Noi |
Hospitable |
Noi òsòlo' jo
vèodido/ |
Please, come in! |
| Noi òsòlo' jo vèodido! |
| Fia |
Fia |
Taking for granted |
Fia ànadu
ulèîzobutin àn/ |
Of course, he is a baker! |
| Fia ànadu ulèîzobutin àn! |
| Zaj |
Zaj |
Disappointed |
Zaj mènuovu/ |
(But) you are a man! |
| Zaj mènuovu! |
| Zomê |
Zomê |
Finding ridiculous |
Zomê lilovi dogadavu? |
Dou you (really) think that?! |
| Zomê lilovi dogadavu? |
| Bèm |
Bèm |
Worried |
Bèm arodub go]doèn
ju]o dèl. |
He is still not home |
| Bèm arodub go-doèn ju-o dèl. |
| Èsl |
Èsl |
Disapproving |
Èsl benas zerazov
dalodu/ |
He loves the poor girl! |
| Èsl benas zerazov dalodu! |
| Es |
Es |
Pitying |
Es èrgabovu? |
Are you hurt? |
| Es èrgabovu? |
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"Yes" and "No"
The mood word ne, nee expresses that one agrees with
the content of the previous sentence, translation is with "yes
(,indeed)" for a positive sentence and "no (,indeed)" for a
negative sentence.
The mood word ome, ome expresses that one disagrees with the previous sentence,
translation can be with "yes"or "no" as before, or with
something like "on the contrary!" Examples:
| Luidodu d]dom ju]o? |
Is he
going home? |
| Luidodu d-dom ju-o? |
| Ne, idodu d]dom ju]o. |
Yes (,indeed,) he is
going home. |
| Ne, idodu d-dom ju-o. |
| Ome, d]don ja idodu
ju]odav. |
No (,on the contrary,)
he is leaving the house. |
| Ome, d-don ja idodu ju-odav. |
| Luidodub d]dom ju]o? |
Is he not going home? |
| Luidodub d-dom ju-o? |
| Ne, idodub d]dom ju]o. |
No (,indeed,) he isn't going
home. |
| Ne, idodub d-dom ju-o. |
| Ome, d]don ja idodu ju]oda. |
Yes (,on the contrary,) he ís going
home! |
| Ome, d-don ja idodu ju-oda. |
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